W.G Bagnall 0-6-0ST "New Standard 18"

W.G Bagnall 0-6-0ST "New Standard 18"
Vulcan at Bishops Lydeard in 1980
Type and origin Power type Steam Designer W. G. Bagnall Harold Wood Builder W. G. Bagnall Serial number 2994–2996 Build date 1951 Total produced 3
Specifications Configuration: ​  •  Whyte 0-6-0 ST  •  UIC C n2t Gauge 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) Driver dia. 4 ft 3 in (1.3 m) Fuel type Coal Cylinders Two, outside Cylinder size 18 in × 24 in (460 mm × 610 mm) Valve gear Walschaerts valve gear Valve type Piston valves
Performance figures Tractive effort 25,250 lbf (112.32 kN)
Career Operators Steel Company of Wales → Austin Motor Company (2), National Coal Board (1) Withdrawn 1956–1966 Preserved Victor 2996, Vulcan 2994 Disposition Two preserved, one scrapped

The W. G. Bagnall New Standard 18 0-6-0 ST is a type of industrial steam locomotive manufactured at W. G. Bagnall's Castle Engine Works and designed by Harold Wood at W.G. Bagnall in 1951. The class was specifically designed for the Port Talbot Steelworks, and ran from 1951 to 1973 in industrial service. Two locomotives (2994 & 2996), the former Longbridge locomotives, are preserved.

Construction

The three locomotives were ordered in 1950 and completed in 1951 with the Bagnall works numbers 2994–2996. The works numbers are what the locomotives are more commonly referred to today.

Design

2996 Victor

2994 Vulcan

Three locomotives were ordered by the Steel Company of Wales (SCOW) for their Abbey, Margam and Port Talbot works during the early 1950s, to replace the elderly locomotives which were running at that time. The Steel Company of Wales wanted to see how steam locomotives compared against diesel locomotives, but because the elderly steam locos that they had at that time, did not give a modern and fair view on steam locomotives, they ordered large and specially designed tank locomotives from W.G Bagnall, who had provided 2 powerful 0-4-0ST locomotives to Port Talbot in the 1930s. SCOW were testing to see whether steam or diesel was more economical and also to see which motive power was better on the duties at the steelworks.

W.G Bagnall intended, for the New Standard 18 locomotives to be their new standard, post war heavy shunter. But with diesel locomotives becoming more popular in the industrial locomotive markets, the Steel Company of Wales would become the only customer. W.G Bagnall merging with Brush Traction in 1951 to create Brush Bagnall Traction Limited, Brush Bagnall focused more on diesel locomotives and Brush Bagnall would later supply the Port Talbot and fundamentally replace the W.G Bagnall steam locomotives with Brush Bagnall diesel locomotives.

A distinctive feature of these engines was their use of external valve gear. Using external cylinders, piston valves and Walschaerts valve gear rather than the more common Stephenson link, the locomotives incorporated features the same post-war trends that also appeared in the BR Standard classes, ^{[note 1]} but they were largely alien to traditional industrial saddle tanks. ^{[note 2]}

The locomotives had a wide range of features, that were very uncommon on industrial locomotives. Features included: piston valves, roller-type big-end and side-rod bearings, manganese steel axle-box and horn plate liners, hopper ashpans, self-cleaning smokeboxes, rocking grates and Lambets wet sanding. Steel fireboxes were used as well as "Owens" patent poppet valve and balanced regulator valves. As was usual for short-journey locomotives they were not fitted with superheating, as short journeys allow little time for the superheater elements to reach working temperature.

The cylinders provided for the class were 18-by-24-inch (460 mm × 610 mm), together with 4 ft 3 in (1.3 m) drivers. The dimensions of the class were comparable to the Hunslet Austerity 0-6-0ST, widely used for similar purposes. The Bagnall locomotives had 25,250 lbf (112.32 kN) of tractive effort, which was higher than the Hunslet locomotives tractive effort of 23,870 lbf (106.18 kN) and second only to the Peckett OQ Class with 29,527 lbf of tractive effort.

Steel Company of Wales

The locomotives when they first arrived at Port Talbot, were given the running numbers: 401 (Works no 2994), 402 (Works no 2995), and 403 (Works no 2996). The locomotives ran at the Port Talbot site. The three locos performed above and beyond the requirements of their original design specification however the decision was made in favour of diesel power and by 1957 all three were replaced by Brush Bagnall diesel locomotives. The locomotives while in service at Port Talbot, were noted for their impressive reliability and availability. 2994 was sold, with sister 2996, to the Austin Motor Company Ltd. (later to become British Leyland) for use at their Longbridge plant in Birmingham. At Longbridge the two locos received the names Victor and Vulcan a reference to the RAF V bombers then entering service. 2995 was never named and was sold to a scrap and plant dealer in South Wales who later sold it on to the National Coal Board for use at one of their collieries in South Wales.

Post Steel Company of Wales Service

2994 and 2996 (Vulcan and Victor)

After an approach by the Austin Motor Company Ltd (later to become British Leyland) 2994 and 2996 were sold to Austin for use at their Longbridge plant in Birmingham where they ran successfully until withdrawal in 1972. ^[1] Workers at the Longbridge factory, reportedly saw the new Brush Bagnall diesel locomotives being delivered and saw the signs on the side. Which led to Austin making an inquiry. In Austin ownership, it was the longest the two locomotives ran in industrial service as they only ran for six years under their previous owners, the work at Longbridge being much less substantial than what they had to do at Port Talbot.

2995

2995 was not required by Austin and was sold to a scrap and plant dealer in South Wales from whom it was purchased by the National Coal Board for use at one of their collieries in South Wales until problems developed with its steel firebox. Steel fireboxes are less tolerant of poor maintenance and it is likely that the loco did not receive boiler washouts as regularly as should have been the case. Serious consideration was given to replacing the boiler with one from a Great Western Railway pannier tank locomotive. But this idea was not pursued and the loco was subsequently scrapped on site in 1967.

Preservation

2994 and 2996 were purchased from Longbridge in 1973 for use on the West Somerset Railway. Initially stored at Taunton, Victor was the first locomotive used on West Somerset Railway, and from December 1975 along with GWR 6412 worked service trains once the West Somerset re-opened in 1976. Vulcan was brought into service the following year. The class were never intended, nor suited, for operation over such a long line but in the right hands could put up some remarkable performances. However their rough riding, a consequence of their short wheelbase and long overhangs, earned them the nickname "Camel class". 2994, out of service and by now with its roller bearings in poor condition was sold in 1986 and is currently^{[ when? ]} at the North Tyneside Steam Railway, operational. As train lengths grew on the WSR and more suitable motive power became available 2996 was sold in 1989 moving initially to the Strathspey Railway. After subsequent spells on both the Battlefield Line and the Great Central Railway (Nottingham) it has been under overhaul as well at the Lakeside and Haverthwaite Railway, ^[2] and has since been put back into working service.^{[ citation needed ]}

Fleet list

Works Number	Built	Name	Notes	Status	Location
2994	1951	Vulcan	Worked on the West Somerset Railway from 1977(?) to 1986. Re-entered service in April 2019 after a lengthy overhaul.	Operational	North Tyneside Steam Railway
2995	1951		Went to NCB	Scrapped in 1967
2996	1951	Victor	Worked on the West Somerset Railway from 1975 to 1989 then moved to the Strathspey Railway, then the Great Central Railway (Nottingham section) and the Battlefield Line. After the expiry of its boiler certificate it moved to Tyseley. In 2015 the overhaul was completed.	Operational	Lakeside and Haverthwaite Railway

See also

• Hunslet Austerity 0-6-0ST, a comparable locomotive from Hunslet
• W. G. Bagnall
• Bagnall fireless locomotives (preserved)
• Bagnall 0-4-0ST "Alfred" and "Judy"
• Bagnall 0-4-0ST No. 19

Notes

1. The Hawksworth GWR 15xx class shunters showed a similar shift to outside Walschaerts gear, against a deeply-ingrained tradition.
2. Some industrial builders favoured outside cylinders, but still with inside Stephenson gear driving slide valves.

References

1. "Bagnall 0-6-0ST Works No 2996 'Victor' stands out of steam at Austin Motors Longbridge factory in 1963". Warwickshire Railways.com.
2. "2996, 'Victor' (Bagnall)". Lakeside and Haverthwaite Railway .